Dominika Jantal1, Róbert Tésits2, Judit Prókal3
1University of Pécs, Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary
2University of Pécs, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Pécs, Hungary
3University of Pécs, Institute of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Recreation and Military Sports, Pécs, Hungary
Health Awareness in Female Fitness Training: Competitive and Recreational Perspectives
Sport Mont 2026, 24(2), Ahead of Print | DOI: 10.26773/smj.260607
Abstract
This study examined the health-conscious strategies, dietary habits, hydration practices, training behaviors, and body image of female fitness competitors and recreational gym users (N=201; 101 competitors in lower-demand categories, 100 recreational athletes). Data were collected via an online questionnaire, including the BSQ-34 for body image assessment. Both groups demonstrated health awareness, but with distinct priorities. Competitors emphasized performance- oriented behaviors, such as structured training, strict seasonal diets, intensive supplement use, and precise hydration, while recreational athletes focused on overall health, long-term well-being, and flexible nutrition. Training frequency was higher among competitors, who adhered to periodized routines, whereas recreational athletes showed greater avoidance of unhealthy fats and preference for natural supplements. Notably, body dissatisfaction was higher among recreational athletes, likely influenced by aesthetic motivations and social media, while competitors maintained a more realistic perception of their physique despite seasonal fluctuations. Even in lower-demand competition categories, extreme preparatory practices persisted, highlighting the need for educational interventions promoting balanced nutrition, safe supplementation, and realistic body image. Overall, the findings underscore the differences in goal orientation, risk exposure, and lifestyle consistency between performance-driven competitors and health-focused recreational athletes.
Keywords
dietary habits, wellness, gym, exercise
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