Kevin Tan1, Saju Joseph1, Ali Md Nadzalan1
1Sultan Idris Education University, Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching, Perak, Malaysia, 2 Sports Authority of India, NSSC, Bangalore, India
Lower Extremities’ Kinematic Sequence and Kinetics during first Pull in Classic Snatch
Sport Mont 2021, 19(2), 35-39 | DOI: 10.26773/smj.210606
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to identify and compare the lower extremities’ kinematic joints initiation sequence during the first pull phase of the classic snatch among male and female elite weightlifting athletes. As the secondary purpose, the maximal angle extension of joints, sub-phase duration, joint angular displace- ment and velocity, barbell velocity and the ground reaction force produced during the classic snatch sub-phases were determined and compared between genders. Six men (age: 19.9±2.29 years, height: 1.67±0.04 m, and body mass: 87.96±2.68 kg) and six women (age: 19.72±1.35 years, height: 1.55±0.42 m, and body mass: 70.25±10.78 kg) were tested for 85% of their 1 repetition classical snatch movement. Kinematics were captured at 100 Hz us- ing a Qualisys motion capture system with eight cameras, and markers were placed bilaterally on the hips, knees and ankle joints. Kinetics were captured using the Kistler fixed force plate. The results revealed that a significant difference between males and females in term of hip joint initiation sequence, ground reaction force and barbell velocity. The hip angle among the female athletes initiates the start movement earlier than among male athletes. The ground reaction force and barbell velocity are higher in males compared to females. These findings suggest that the female weightlifters are not in a position to produce higher degrees of extension, thus reducing their efficiency in lifting and ability to take more substantial resistance. Having a limited angle extension results in the involved muscles not being fully contracted.
Keywords
weightlifting, initiation sequence, joint kinematics, joint kinetics, biomechanics, snatch
View full article
(PDF – 258KB)
References
Bartonietz, K. E. (1996). Biomechanics of the snatch: Toward a higher training efficiency. Strength Conditining, 18, 24–31.
Bauman, W., Gross, V., Quade, K., Galbierz, P., & Schwirz, A. (1988). The snatch technique of world class weightlifters at the 1985 World Championships. International Journal of Sport Biomechanic, 4, 68–89.
Bernstein, N. A. (1967). The Coordination and Regulation of Movement. Baltimore: Pergamon Press.
Burdett, R. G. (1982). Biomechanics of the snatch technique of highly skilled and skilled weightlifters. Res Q Exerc Sport 53: 193–197.
Daws, J. (2007). Muscle Snatch. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 29(6), 55-57.
Enoka, R. M. (1979). The pull in Olympic weightlifting. Med. Sci. Sports, 11, 131–137.
Enoka, R. M. (1988). Load and skill-related changes in segmental contributions to a weightlifting movement. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 20, 178–187.
Figueiredo, P. R., Silva, P. L., Avelar, B. S., Chagas, P. S., Oliveira, L. C., & Mancini, M. C. (2013). Assessment of gait in toddlers with normal motor development and in hemiplegic children with mild motor impairment: a validity study. Brazilian journal of physical therapy, 17(4), 359–366.
Garhammer, J. (1981). Biomechanical characterisitics of the 1978 world weightlifting champions. Int Series Biomech, 3, 300–304.
Garhammer, J. (1985). Biomechanical profiles of Olympic weightlifters. Int J Sport Biomech, 1, 122-130.
Gourgoulis, V., Aggeloussis, N., Mavromatis, G., & Garas, A. (2000) Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of the snatch of elite Greek weightlifters. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18, 643-652.
Isaka, T., Okada, J., & Funato, K. (1996). Kinematic analysis of the barbell during the snatch movement of elite Asian weightlifters. J. Appl. Biomech., 12, 508–516.
Kauhanen, H., Ha ¨Kkinen, K., & Komi, P.V. (1984). A biomechanical analysis of the snatch and clean & jerk techniques of Finnish elite and district level weightlifters. Scand. Sports. Sci., 6, 47-56.
Kipp, K., Harris, C., Sabick, M. B. (2011). Lower extremity biomechanics during weightlifting exercise vary across joint and load. J Strength Cond Res, 25, 1229–1234.
Lukashev, A. A., Medvedev, A. S., & Melkonian, A. A. (1979). Snatch technique of weightlifters executing repetitions with 70 percent of maximum. Teoriya i Praktika Fizicheskoi Kultury, 12, 13–15.
O’Shea, P. (2000). Theory of athletics power production. In: Quantum Strength Fitness II. Corvallis. OR: Patrick’s Books.
Schilling, B., Stone, M., O’bryant, H., Fry, A.C., Coglianese, R., & Pierces, K. (2002). Snatch Technique of collegiate national level weightlifters. J. Strength Cond. Res., 16, 551–555.
Senior, D. (2004). Qualisys Medial AB: Qualisys Track Manager User Manual. Gothenburg: NRC Publications Archive (NPArC).
Stone, M. H., O’Bryant, H. S., Williams, F. E., Johnson, R. L., & Pierce, K.C. (1998). Analysis of bar paths during the snatch in elite male weightlifters. Strength Cond., 20(4), 30–38.
Winter, D. A. (2005). Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.