Sami Sermaxhaj1, Fitim Arifi1,2, Jeton Havolli1, Fadil Luta1, Imran Isufi3
1College Universi, Physical Culture Sport and Recreation, Prishtina, Kosovo
2University of Tetova, Physical Education and Sport, Tetova, North
Macedonia
3Institute of Sports Anthropology, Prishtina, Kosovo
The Effect of Physical Exercise according to a Programme for the Development of Flexibility in the Motor Abilities of Young Football Players
Sport Mont 2021, 19(1), 25-29 | DOI: 10.26773/smj.210209
Abstract
This research aims to establish the effect of flexibility exercise on the motor abilities of young football players. The total number of participants was 68 young football players (beginners, pioneers, and cadets) from the Ramiz Sadiku Football Club in Prishtina, Kosovo. The participants were divided into control and experimental groups. The research implemented seven variables for estimating motor abilities. The effect of physical exercise according to the programme of flexibility on the motor abilities of young football players was investigated using uni-variant analysis. The course of preparatory and competition period training programme was conducted three times per week, for both groups. Only the manner of execution of the experimental programme was different (17 exercises of static stretching) for the development of flexibility, which was conducted only with the experimental group within the frame of increased duration by the end of the training. The results acquired show that programme conducted for the development of flexibility (exercised of static stretching) has a statistically significant effect only on flexibility variable “sit-and-reach test” with the experimental group of cadets, and with no statistically essential influence on the motor abilities of beginners, pioneers, and cadets. Therefore, it can be confirmed that static exercises have an essential effect on the improvement of flexibility of participants older than 15 years old, but without positive or negative effects on other variables of the motor abilities of young players.
Keywords
flexibility, recovery, motor abilities, soccer players
View full article
(PDF – 99KB)
References
Akbulut, T., & Agopyan, A. (2015). Effects of an eight-week proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching program on kicking speed and range of motion in young male soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(12), 3412–23.
Anderson, B. (2006). Stretching. Zagreb: Gopal.
Bazett-Jones, D., Gibson, M. H., & McBride, J. M. (2008). Sprint and vertical jump performances are not affected by six weeks of static hamstring stretching. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(1), 25-31.
Behm, D. G., & Kibele, A. (2007). Effects of differing intensities of static stretching on jump performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 101(5), 587-594.
Behm, D. G., Chaouachi, A., Lau, P. W. C., & Wong, D. P. (2011). Short durations of static stretching when combined with dynamic stretching do not impair repeated sprints and agility. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 10(2), 408-416.
Brandey, J., Ajit, D. K., Richard, S. F., & Jennifer, L. C. (2012). Acute effects of static and proprioceptive neuromusscular Facilitation Stretching on Agility performance in Elite Youth Soccer Players. International Journal Exercises Sciences, 5(2), 97-105.
Enoksen, E., Tønnessen, E., & Shalfawi, S. (2009). Validity and reliability of the Newtest Powertimer 300-series testing system. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27, 77–84.
Fernandez, R. A., Sanchez, J., Rodriguez Marroyo, J. A., & Villa, J. G. (2016). Effects of seven weeks of static hamstring stretching on flexibility and sprint performance in young soccer players according to their playing position. Journal of Sport Medicine and Physical Fitness, 56(4), 345-51.
Garcia-Pinillos, F., Ruiz-Ariza, A., Moreno del Castillo, R., & Latorre-Roman, P. A. (2015). Impact of limited hamstring flexibility on vertical jump, kicking speed, sprint, and agility in young football players. Journal of sports sciences, 33(12), 1293-1297.
Gardasevic, J., & Bjelica, D. (2013). Efekti programiranog trenažnog rada u trajanju od šest nedjelja na transformaciju gipkosti kod fudbalera kadetskog uzrasta. Sport Mont, 11(37-39), 212-217.
Gil, S., Ruiz, F., Irazusta, A., Gil, J., & Irazusta, J. (2007). Selection of young soccer players in terms of anthropometric and physiological factors. Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 47(1), 25-32.
Gonçalves, D. L., Pavao, T. S., & Dohnert, M. B. (2013). Acute and chronic effects of a static and dynamic stretching program in the performance of young soccer athletes. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 19(4), 241-246
Idrizovic, K. (2014). Physical and anthropometric profiles of elite female soccer players. Medicina dello sport; 67(2), 273-287.
Kay, D. A., & Blazevich, A. J. (2011). Effect of Acute Statik Stretch on Maximal Muscle Performance: A Systematic Review. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44(1), 154-64.
Kinugasa, T., & Kilding, A.E. (2009). A comparison of post-match recovery strategies in youth soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(5), 1402-07.
Kyranoudis, A., Nikolaidis, V., Ispirlidis, I., Galazoulas, Ch., Alipasali, F., & Famisis, K. (2018). Acute effect of specific warm-up exercises on sprint performance after static and dynamic stretching in amateur soccer players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 18(2), 825-830.
La Roche, D. P., Lussier, M., & Roy, S. J. (2008). Chronic stretching and voluntary muscle force. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(2), 589-596.
Little, T., & Williams, A. G. (2006). Effects of differential stretching protocols during warm-ups on high-speed motor capacities in professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(1), 203-207.
Lohman, T. G., Roche, A. F., & Martorell, R. (1988). Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Chicago: Human Kinetics Books.
Marfell-Jones, M., Olds, T., Stew, A. D., & Carter, J. E. L. (2006). International standards for anthropometric assessment. Potchesfstroom, International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry.
Milanovic, Z., Sporis, G., Trajkovic, N., James, N., & Samija, K. (2013). Effect of a 12 Week SAQ Training Programme on Agility with and without the Ball among Young Soccer Players. Journal of Sports Sciences and Medicine, 12(1), 97-103.
Nedelec, M., McCall, A., Carling, C., Legall, F., Berthoin, S., & Dupont, G. (2013). Recovery in soccer. Sports Medicine, 43(1), 9-22.
Popovic, S., Radosav. R., & Molnar, S. (2009). The effects of physical exercise on growth and deportment of strength in young football players. In Proceedings book of the International Scientific Conference „Exercise And Quality Of Life “ (129-133). Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Novi Sad.
Rey, E., Carlos, L. P., Luis, C. & Joaquin. L. B. (2012). The Effect of Immediate Post-Training Active and Passive Recovery Interventions on Anaerobic Performance and Lower Limb Flexibility in Professional Soccer Players. Journal of Human Kinetics., 31, 121-129.
Sands, W. A., McNeal, J. R., Murray, S. R., Ramsey, M. W., Sato, K., Mizuguchi, S., & Stone, M. H. (2013). Stretching and its effects on recovery. Strength and Conditioning Juarnal, 35 (5), 30-36.
Sander, A., Keiner, M., Wirth, K., & Shmidbleicher, D. (2013). Influence of a 2-year strength training programme on power performance in elite youth soccer players. European Journal of Sport Science, 13 (5), 445-51.
Sermaxhaj, S., Popovic, S., Bjelica, D., Gardasevic. J., & Arifi, F. (2017a). Effect of recuperation with static stretching in isokinetic force of young football players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 17 (3), 1948-53.
Sermaxhaj, S., Arifi, F., Bahtiri, A., & Alaj, I. (2017b). The Impact of Recuperation with Static Stretching in Flexibility And Agility with and without ball of Young Soccer Players. Acta Kinesiologica, 11 (1), 33-38.
Sermaxhaj, S., Arifi, F., Alaj, I., Bahtiri, A., Havolli, J., & Sermaxhaj, S. S. (2018) The Effect of Static Stretching in Agility and Isokinetic Force at Football Players. Sport Mont, 16(2), 45-49.
Sermaxhaj, S. (2019). The Impact of Physical Exercise on the Flexibility Program in the Anthropological Status of Young Footballers. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Niksic: University of Montenegro, Faculty for Sport and Physical Education.
Smajic, M., Molnar, S., & Popovic, S. (2009b) Effects of training process on flexibility of young footballers. In Proceedings book of the International Scientific Conference „Exercise and quality of life“ (135-141). Novi Sad: Faculty of Sport and Physical Education u Novi Sad.
Vänttinen, T., Blomqvist, M., Nyman, K., & Hakkinen, K. (2011). Changes in body composition, hormonal status, and physical fitness in 11, 13, and 15-year-old Finnish regional youth soccer players during a two-year follow-up. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(12), 3342-51.
Verheijen, R. (1997). Handbuch fur Fussballkondition. Amsterdam: Leer, BPF Versand.
Walker, B. (2006). The anatomy of stretching. Chichester: Lotus.
Zakas, A. (2005). The effect of stretching duration on the lower-extremity flexibility of adolescent soccer players. The Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 9(3), 220-225.