Iancu Vasilica1, Rui Silva2, Paulo Costa3, Bruno Figueira4, Luís Vaz4
1University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Sport Sciences Department, Vila Real, Portugal
2University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Centre for Transdisciplinary Development, CETRAD, Vila Real, Portugal
3University of Beira Interior, Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, CreativeLab Research Community, Covilhã, Portugal
4University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Research Center in
Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, CreativeLab Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
What is the Motivation to study Laws of the Game and Competition Rules in National Portuguese Football Referees?
Sport Mont 2020, 18(3), 17-24 | DOI: 10.26773/smj.201017
Abstract
The success of soccer referees is linked to several skills, including game knowledge, communication, strategic leadership, physical fitness, and psychological ability. During the game, referees make between three and four decisions per minute, paying attention to the multiple aspects of the game, which generates pressure and stress, meaning that the referees must master the laws of the game and competition rules (LGCR). The present study aims to understand the state of the motivation of Portuguese referees to study the LGCR and the dimensions that affect this motivation. One hundred and seventy-nine referees completed the Academic Motivation Scale, adapted to football arbitration, in order to assess amotivation, extrinsic motivation, and intrinsic motivation. Data were treated applying several statistical techniques that highlight multiple linear regression, which enabled testing a measurement model of the motivation of the referees to study and learn the LGCR according to the research objectives stated. The results show that although most of the members are motivated to study the LGCR, there is a small group that presents a deficit in motivation. The multiple linear regression model showed that referees are more intrinsically motivated than extrinsically, showing that they can motivate themselves more than to undergo external influences. A central finding of the paper is that the football referees show a high degree of autonomy, self-control, and determination to study the LGCR.
Keywords
academic motivation scale, amotivation, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, laws of the game, competition rules, football referees
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